In terms of cost, multi-mode fiber is generally less expensive in terms of the equipment required. While the fiber cable itself may cost roughly the same, single-mode networks require more expensive components, such as laser transmitters and specialized connectors.
Single-Mode vs. Multi-Mode Fiber
So, which should you choose? Consider the distance you need to cover.
If you need to transmit data over several kilometers (such as between cities, within a large campus, or between distant buildings) or need the fastest possible speeds for the future, choose single-mode fiber (SMF). Transmission distances are unparalleled, and while laser equipment is expensive, the cable itself is inexpensive for its performance.
If you're connecting within a single building, a small campus (less than approximately 500 meters), or within the halls of a data center, multi-mode fiber (MMF) is almost always a better, more affordable option. Lower lighting and electronics costs make it practical for everyday high-speed connections that don't require long distances.
Summary: How to Choose the Right Fiber Optic Cable
When comparing single-mode vs. multimode, consider not only your network's current requirements but also its future scalability. Multimode fiber has lower initial costs and is easier to install, but performance degrades rapidly as distance increases. Single-mode fiber has a higher initial cost but offers unparalleled scalability and long-term value.
Baudcom offers a wide range of fiber optic products, including SMF and MMF cables, OLTs, ONUs, fiber optic splitters, and transceivers. Whether you're upgrading a data center or deploying a nationwide fiber optic infrastructure, Baudcom's expert team can help you select the optimal fiber optic solution.
| Feature | Single Mode Fiber (SMF) | Multimode Fiber (MMF) |
| Core Size | ~9 µm | 50–62.5 µm |
| Light Source | Laser | LED or VCSEL |
| Transmission Distance | Up to 100+ km | Typically under 2 km |
| Bandwidth | Extremely high | High but limited over distance |
| Single mode vs multimode Cost | Higher transceiver cost | Lower transceiver cost |
| Modal Dispersion | Minimal | Higher, affects distance |
| Use Case | Long-haul, MAN, backbone, FTTH | LANs, data centers, short-range links |